Raws li Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb ntawm United Nations, tsawg kawg 2 billion tus neeg vam khom kab rau zaub mov. Txawm li cas los xij, kib nyom nyom tseem nyuaj nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv Western ntiaj teb.
Kab yog cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, feem ntau muaj cov protein ntau. Yog li cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom tsim txoj hauv kev los ua kom kab ntau palatable.
Cov kws tshawb fawb Kauslim tsis ntev los no tau ua nws ib kauj ruam ntxiv, tsim qhov zoo meej "nqaij" kev ntxhib los mos los ntawm kev noj zaub mov noj (Tenebrio molitor) hauv qab zib. Raws li tsab xov xwm tshaj tawm, cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias cov kab mob noj zaub mov "tej zaum yuav muaj ib hnub ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm cov protein ntxiv hauv cov zaub mov ua tiav."
Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, tus thawj coj tshawb fawb In-hee Cho, tus xibfwb hauv Department of Food Science thiab Biotechnology ntawm Wonkwang University hauv South Kauslim, tau coj pab pawg kws tshawb fawb los sib piv cov ntxhiab ntawm cov kab noj zaub mov thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej.
Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias txhua theem - qe, larva, pupa, neeg laus - emits ib tug ntxhiab. Piv txwv li, larvae nyoos emit "ib qho aroma ntawm lub ntiaj teb ntub dej, cws, thiab pob kws qab zib."
Cov kws tshawb fawb tom qab ntawd muab piv cov khoom qab zib uas ua los ntawm kev noj zaub mov noj zaub mov sib txawv. Frying mealworms nyob rau hauv cov roj tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab xws li pyrazines, cawv thiab aldehydes (organic compounds) uas zoo ib yam li cov khoom tsim thaum ua noj nqaij thiab nqaij nruab deg.
Ib tug tswvcuab ntawm pab pawg tshawb fawb tom qab ntawd sim cov khoom sib txawv thiab qhov sib piv ntawm cov hmoov nplej hmoov nplej thiab qab zib. Qhov no tsim cov khoom sib txawv reactive uas tshwm sim thaum cov protein thiab qab zib tau rhuab. Pab neeg tom qab ntawd tau qhia cov qauv sib txawv rau ib pab pawg neeg ua haujlwm pab dawb, uas tau muab lawv cov kev xav txog cov qauv uas tau noj ntau tshaj 'nqaij'.
Kaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv flavors raug xaiv. Qhov siab dua cov qej hmoov cov ntsiab lus hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsw, qhov zoo dua qhov ntsuas. Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus methionine hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsw, qhov kev ntsuas tsis zoo.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias lawv npaj yuav kawm txuas ntxiv txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ua noj ntawm cov zaub mov noj kom txo tau cov saj tsis zoo.
Cassandra Maja, tus tub ntxhais kawm PhD hauv Department of Nutrition, Exercise thiab Physical Education ntawm University of Copenhagen uas tsis koom nrog txoj kev tshawb fawb tshiab, tau hais tias hom kev tshawb fawb no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas seb yuav npaj cov pluas noj kom rov hais dua rau cov neeg coob coob.
"Xav txog kev taug kev mus rau hauv ib chav thiab pom tias ib tug neeg nyuam qhuav ci chocolate chip ncuav qab zib. Ib qho tsw ntxhiab tsw tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ntawm cov zaub mov. Rau kab kom dav, lawv yuav tsum rov hais dua rau txhua qhov kev xav: textures, tsw, thiab saj. "
- Cassandra Maja, PhD, Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Physical Education, University of Copenhagen.
Raws li World Population Fact Sheet, cov pej xeem hauv ntiaj teb xav tias yuav ncav cuag 9.7 billion los ntawm 2050. Qhov ntawd yog ntau tus neeg noj.
"Sustainability yog tus tsav tsheb loj ntawm kev tshawb fawb kab noj," Maya hais. "Peb yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav lwm cov proteins los pub cov neeg coob zuj zus tuaj thiab yooj yim rau cov kab mob ntawm peb cov khoom noj tam sim no." Lawv xav tau kev pab tsawg dua li kev ua liaj ua teb tsiaj.
Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2012 tau pom tias tsim tau 1 kilogram ntawm cov kab protein yuav tsum muaj ob mus rau 10 npaug ntawm thaj av ua liaj ua teb tsawg dua li tsim tau 1 kilogram ntawm cov protein los ntawm npua lossis nyuj.
Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb ntawm cov kab mob noj zaub mov los ntawm 2015 thiab 2017 qhia tias cov dej hneev taw, lossis cov dej tshiab, ib tuj ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus uas tsim tau yog piv rau cov nqaij qaib thiab 3.5 npaug qis dua cov nqaij nyuj.
Ib yam li ntawd, lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2010 tau pom tias cov kab mob noj zaub mov tsim cov pa roj carbon tsawg thiab ammonia dua li cov tsiaj nyeg.
Changqi Liu, tus kws tshaj lij thiab tus kws kho mob hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Science hauv Tsev Kawm Qib Siab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kev Pabcuam Tib Neeg ntawm San Diego State University tau hais tias "Kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub no twb muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau peb ib puag ncig," nyob rau hauv txoj kev kawm tshiab.
"Peb yuav tsum nrhiav txoj hauv kev ruaj khov ntxiv kom tau raws li peb cov kev xav tau khoom noj. Kuv xav tias qhov kev xaiv no, qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov protein ntau yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev daws cov teeb meem no. "
- Changqi Liu, Associate Professor, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, San Diego State University
"Cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov zaub mov tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm seb lawv ua li cas (raw lossis qhuav), theem kev loj hlob, thiab txawm tias kev noj haus, tab sis lawv feem ntau muaj cov protein zoo piv rau cov nqaij ib txwm muaj," nws hais.
Qhov tseeb, ib txoj kev tshawb fawb 2017 qhia tau hais tias cov kab mob noj zaub mov muaj cov nplua nuj nyob hauv polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), ib hom roj noj qab haus huv tau faib ua cov zinc thiab niacin, nrog rau magnesium thiab pyridoxine, nuclear flavin, folate, thiab vitamin B-12. .
Dr. Liu tau hais tias nws xav pom cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv xws li qhov nthuav tawm ntawm ACS, uas piav qhia txog qhov saj ntawm cov zaub mov noj.
"Tam sim no muaj kev ntxub ntxaug thiab teeb meem uas tiv thaiv tib neeg los ntawm kev noj kab. Kuv xav tias kev nkag siab qhov saj ntawm kab yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev tsim cov khoom uas haum rau cov neeg siv khoom. "
Maya pom zoo: "Peb yuav tsum tau tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txhim kho qhov kev lees paub thiab suav nrog cov kab zoo li pluas noj hauv cov zaub mov noj txhua hnub," nws hais.
“Peb xav tau txoj cai lij choj los ua kom cov kab noj qab nyob zoo rau txhua tus. Rau cov pluas noj ua lawv txoj haujlwm, tib neeg yuav tsum noj lawv. "
- Cassandra Maja, PhD, Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Physical Education, University of Copenhagen.
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Post lub sij hawm: Dec-24-2024