Ngokwe-Food and Agriculture Organization yeZizwe Ezihlangene, okungenani abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili bathembele ezinambuzaneni ukuze bathole ukudla. Naphezu kwalokhu, kusenzima ukuthola izintethe ezithosiwe emazweni aseNtshonalanga.
Izinambuzane ziwumthombo wokudla oqhubekayo, ngokuvamile ocebile ngamaprotheni. Ngakho ososayensi bakha izindlela zokwenza izinambuzane zinambitheka kakhudlwana.
Abacwaningi baseKorea basanda kuthatha igxathu elingaphezulu, bathuthukisa ukuthungwa okuphelele “kwenyama” ngokupheka izibungu zezibungu (i-Tenebrio molitor) kushukela. Ngokombiko wabezindaba, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izikelemu “ngolunye usuku zingase zibe umthombo omnandi wamaprotheni engeziwe ekudleni okugayiwe.”
Ocwaningweni, umcwaningi ophambili u-In-hee Cho, uprofesa eMnyangweni Wesayensi Yezokudla Ne-Biotechnology eNyuvesi yaseWonkwang eNingizimu Korea, uhole ithimba lososayensi ukuze liqhathanise iphunga lezikelemu phakathi nomjikelezo wabo wokuphila.
Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi isigaba ngasinye—iqanda, isibungu, isiphungumangathi, umuntu omdala—sikhipha iphunga. Ngokwesibonelo, izibungu eziluhlaza zikhipha “iphunga lomhlaba oswakeme, izimfanzi, nommbila omnandi.”
Ososayensi babe sebeqhathanisa ukunambitheka okukhiqizwa ukupheka izibungu zezibungu ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ukuthosa izikelemu emafutheni kukhiqiza ama-flavour compounds ahlanganisa ama-pyrazines, ama-alcohol kanye nama-aldehydes (ama-organic compounds) afana nalawo akhiqizwa lapho kuphekwa inyama nezilwane zasolwandle.
Ilungu lethimba locwaningo libe selihlola izimo ezihlukene zokukhiqiza kanye nezilinganiso zezikelemu eziyimpuphu noshukela. Lokhu kudala ukunambitheka okuhlukile okusebenzayo okuvela lapho amaprotheni noshukela kushisa. Ithimba libe selikhombisa amasampula ahlukene eqenjini lamavolontiya, anikeza imibono yawo ngokuthi iyiphi isampula enambithe 'inyama' kakhulu.
Kukhethwe ama-flavour okusabela ayishumi. Ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwempushane kagalikhi ku-flavour yokusabela, kulapho isilinganiso sihle kakhulu. Ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwe-methionine ku-flavour yokusabela, kwenza isilinganiso sibe sibi nakakhulu.
Abacwaningi bathi bahlela ukuqhubeka nokufunda imiphumela yokupheka ezikelemu ukuze banciphise ukunambitheka okungafuneki.
UCassandra Maja, ongumfundi wePhD eMnyangweni Wezokudla, Ukuzivivinya kanye Nemfundo Yomzimba eNyuvesi yaseCopenhagen obengazibandakanyi nalolu cwaningo olusha, uthe lolu hlobo locwaningo lubalulekile ekutholeni ukuthi zingalungiswa kanjani izikelemu ukuze zihehe uquqaba lwabantu.
”Zicabange ungena ekamelweni uthole ukuthi kukhona osanda kubhaka amakhekhe kashokoledi. Iphunga elihehayo lingakhuphula ukwamukeleka kokudla. Ukuze izinambuzane zisakazeke kabanzi, kumelwe zikhange kuzo zonke izinzwa: ukwakheka, iphunga, nokunambitha.”
- UCassandra Maja, PhD, Umlingani Wokucwaninga, uMnyango Wezokudla, Ukuzivocavoca kanye Nemfundo Yomzimba, eNyuvesi yaseCopenhagen.
Ngokwe-World Population Fact Sheet, inani labantu emhlabeni kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-9.7 ngo-2050. Baningi abantu okufanele bondle.
"Ukusimama kungumshayeli omkhulu wocwaningo lwezinambuzane ezidliwayo," kusho uMaya. "Kudingeka sihlole amanye amaprotheni ukuze sondle inani labantu elandayo futhi sinciphise ubunzima ezinhlelweni zethu zokudla zamanje." Zidinga izinsiza ezimbalwa kunezolimo zezilwane zendabuko.
Ucwaningo lwango-2012 lwathola ukuthi ukukhiqiza ikhilogremu eyi-1 yeprotheyini yezinambuzane kudinga umhlaba wokulima ophindwe kabili kuya kweziyi-10 kunokukhiqiza ikhilogremu elingu-1 lamaprotheni ezingulubeni noma ezinkomeni.
Imibiko yocwaningo lwesikelemu kusukela ngo-2015 kanye no-2017 ibonisa ukuthi unyawo lwamanzi, noma inani lamanzi ahlanzekile, ngethani ngalinye lezikelemu ezidliwayo ezikhiqizwayo liqhathaniswa nelenkukhu futhi liphansi izikhathi ezingu-3.5 kunelenyama yenkomo.
Ngokufanayo, olunye ucwaningo lwango-2010 lwathola ukuthi izikelemu zikhiqiza amagesi abamba ukushisa amancane kanye ne-ammonia kunemfuyo evamile.
"Izindlela zesimanje zezolimo sezivele zinemithelela engemihle endaweni yethu," kusho uChangqi Liu, uprofesa osebenza naye futhi ofundele izifundo zobudokotela eSikoleni Sokuzivocavoca Nezokudla Kwezokudla eKolishi Lezempilo Nezinsizakalo Zabantu eNyuvesi yaseSan Diego State, obengazibandakanyi. ocwaningweni olusha.
“Kumele sithole izindlela ezisimeme zokuhlangabezana nezidingo zethu zokudla. Ngicabanga ukuthi lo mthombo osimeme wamaprotheni uyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesixazululo salezi zinkinga.”
– Changqi Liu, Uprofesa Ohlangene, Isikole Sokuzivocavoca Nesayensi Yokudla Okunempilo, eNyuvesi Yesifunda SaseSan Diego
“Inani lokudla okunempilo kwezikelemu zingahluka kuye ngokuthi zicutshungulwa kanjani (ziluhlaza noma zomile), isigaba sokukhula, ngisho nokudla, kodwa ngokuvamile zinamaprotheni eqophelo eliphezulu afana nenyama evamile,” kusho yena.
Eqinisweni, ucwaningo lwango-2017 lubonisa ukuthi izikelemu zokudla zicebile ku-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), uhlobo lwamafutha anempilo ahlukaniswa njengomthombo we-zinc ne-niacin, kanye ne-magnesium ne-pyridoxine, i-nuclear flavin, i-folate, ne-vitamin B-12. .
UDkt. Liu uthe angathanda ukubona izifundo ezengeziwe ezifana nalolo olwethulwa kwa-ACS, oluchaza ukunambitheka kwezikelemu.
“Sekunezici ezicasulayo nezithiyo ezivimbela abantu ukuthi badle izinambuzane. Ngicabanga ukuthi ukuqonda ukunambitheka kwezinambuzane kubaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni imikhiqizo eyamukelekayo kubathengi.”
UMaya uyavuma: “Kudingeka siqhubeke sihlola izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukwamukeleka nokufakwa kwezinambuzane ezifana nezikelemu ekudleni kwansuku zonke,” usho kanje.
“Sidinga imithetho efanele ukwenza izinambuzane ezidliwayo ziphephe kuwo wonke umuntu. Ukuze izikelemu zenze umsebenzi wazo, abantu badinga ukuzidla.”
- UCassandra Maja, PhD, Umlingani Wokucwaninga, uMnyango Wezokudla, Ukuzivocavoca kanye Nemfundo Yomzimba, eNyuvesi yaseCopenhagen.
Wake wacabanga ngokungeza izinambuzane ekudleni kwakho? Ucwaningo olusha luphakamisa ukuthi ukudla amakhilikithi kungasiza ukuthuthukisa impilo yamathumbu.
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Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ukudla amaprotheni amaningi kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwemisipha futhi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kusiza abantu ukuba benze ukukhetha kokudla okunempilo ...
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-24-2024